É comum encontrarmos nos romances antigos, especialmente no século XIX, a figura do “meirinho”, o qual, naquela época, correspondia ao nosso atual oficial de justiça. Etimologicamente o termo meirinho vem do latim majorinu, que significa: da espécie mais robusta, ou: maior. Antigamente na Espanha dava-se o título de maiorino (o maioral) ao homem que tinha poder para administrar e fazer justiça em alguma vila ou lugarejo. Dizem os pesquisadores da antiguidade, que Flávio Ervígio, rei godo, sucessor de Wamba, foi quem iniciou o ofício dos meirinhos. Havia um meirinho para cada comarca, sendo eles subordinados ao “Adiantado” do reino, o homem forte da justiça, que logo foi substituído pelo Meirinho-mor. Os tais “maiorinos” permaneceram atuando nas comarcas até o reinado do rei D. Afonso IV. Sucederam-lhes depois no cargo os corregedores, ficando os meirinhos pertencendo à classe dos oficiais menores, que davam execução às sentenças destes corregedores, dentre as quais a prisão e a penhora. Exemplos da nossa Literatura: de Lima Barreto, em “Triste Fim de Policarpo Quaresma”: “Ultimamente constituíra advogado junto à justiça federal e lá andava ele de cartório em cartório, acotovelando-se com meirinhos, escrivães, juízes e advogados - esse poviléu rebarbativo do foro que parece ter contraído todas as misérias que lhe passam pelas mãos e pelos olhos”; de Camilo Castelo Branco: “Domingos Botelho bramia contra o filho, e ordenava ao meirinho geral que o prendesse à sua ordem. D. Rita, não menos irritada, mas irritada como mãe, mandou, por portas travessas, dinheiro ao filho para que, sem detença, fugisse para Coimbra, e esperasse lá o perdão do pai”; de Aluísio de Azevedo, em “A Condessa Vésper”: “Afinal, um belo dia estando Pinto Leite em casa a conversa com o filho e Gabriel, foram interrompidos por um meirinho, que apresentou ao veterano uma citação em nome do comendador Moscoso”; de Machado de Assis, em “Bala de Estalo”: “Há também um (digo?) há também um Meirinho. O Sr. Neves da Cruz é o encarregado dessas funções citatórias e compulsivas, e provavelmente não é cargo honorífico; se o fosse, teria outro nome. Não; ele cita, ele penhora, ele captura os irmãos do Rosário. Assim, pois, esta irmandade tem um tesoureiro para recolher o dinheiro, um procurador para ir cobrá-lo e um meirinho para compelir os remissos. Un capo d'opera”; de Martin Penas, em “O Noviço”: “Os meirinhos entrarão aqui e hão de levar por força alguma cousa – esse é o seu costume. O que é preciso é enganá-los”.
FONTE : www.etimologista.com
A menção do ofício em nossa literatura não estaria completa se não citarmos o meirinho mais citado e famoso desta: Leonardo Pataca. Personagem central do célebre romance do perído Romântico de 1854: "Memórias de um Sargento de Milícias, de Manuel Antônio de Almeida.
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